コロンビア

Odoo's Colombian localization package provides accounting, fiscal, and legal features for databases in Colombia - such as chart of accounts, taxes, and electronic invoicing. The localization has the following prerequisites when using the DIAN Own Software solution with Odoo:

• Be registered in the RUT (Registro Único Tributario) with a valid NIT.

• Have a valid digital signature certificate approved by the ONAC.

• Register and get enabled by completing the certification process required by the DIAN.

参考

• For more information on how to complete the certification process for the DIAN module, review the following webinar

• Smart Tutorial - Colombian Localization

• Documentation on e-invoicing's legality and compliance in Colombia

設定

モジュールインストール

以下のモジュールを インストール して、コロンビアローカライゼーションの全ての機能を入手して下さい:

名称	技術名	説明
コロンビア - 会計	l10n_co	デフォルト 会計ローカライゼーションパッケージ. このモジュールはコロンビアのローカライゼーションのための基本的な会計機能を追加します。
Electronic invoicing for Colombia with DIAN	l10n_co_dian	This module includes the features required for integration with the DIAN as its own software, and adds the ability to generate electronic invoices and support documents based on DIAN regulations.
コロンビア - 会計レポート	l10n_co_reports	This module includes accounting reports for sending certifications to suppliers for withholdings applied.
Carvajalでのコロンビア用電子請求	l10n_co_edi	This module includes the features required for integration with Carvajal. Adds the ability to generate the electronic invoices and support documents, based on DIAN regulations.
コロンビア - POS	l10n_co_pos	This module includes Point of Sale receipts for Colombian localization.

会社情報

To configure your company information:

1. Access your company's contact form:

   • Go to the Contacts app and search for your company or;

   • Go to the Settings app, activate the developer mode, and in the Companies section, click Update Info. Then, in the Contact field, click on the company name.

2. Configure the following information:

   • :guilabel:`会社名。

   • Address: Including City, Department, and ZIP code.

   • Identification Number: Select the Identification Type (NIT, Cédula de Ciudadanía, Registro Civil, etc.). When the Identification Type is NIT, the Identification Number must have the verification digit at the end of the ID prefixed by a hyphen (-).

3. Go to the Sales & Purchase tab and configure the Fiscal Information:

   • Obligaciones y Responsabilidades: Select the fiscal responsibility for the company. (O-13 Gran Contribuyente, O-15 Autorretenedor, O-23 Agente de retención IVA, O-47 Regimen de tributación simple, R-99-PN No Aplica).

   • Gran Contribuyente: If the company is Gran Contribuyente, enable this option.

   • Fiscal Regimen: Select the Tribute Name for the company (IVA, INC, IVA e INC, or No Aplica)

   • Commercial Name: If the company uses a specific commercial name and it needs to be displayed in the invoice.

ちなみに

The data configured in the Fiscal Information section is printed in the valid fiscal PDF reports.

Electronic invoicing credentials and DIAN environment

To configure the user credentials to be used to connect with the DIAN's web service and the DIAN environment, navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings and scroll to the Colombian Electronic Invoicing section. Then, follow these steps:

1. Select DIAN: Free Service as the Electronic Invoicing Provider.

2. Configure the Operation Modes for the respective types of documents (electronic invoices or support documents) to be generated from Odoo. Click Add a line, then fill in the fields:

   • Software Mode: the type of document to be generated with the operation mode.

   • Software ID: the ID generated by DIAN for the specific operation mode.

   • Software PIN: the PIN selected in the operation mode configuration in the DIAN portal.

   • Testing ID: the testing ID generated by DIAN and obtained after testing the operation mode.

3. Configure the available Certificates to sign the electronic documents. Click Add a line, then fill in the fields:

   • Name: the name of the certificate.

   • Certificate: upload the certificate file in PEM format. In the Private Key field that appears on the screen, select an existing private key or create a new one. To do so, enter a key name and select Create and edit. Then, in the Create Private Key wizard, upload a valid Key file and click Save & Close.

     

4. Configure the DIAN environment; the DIAN electronic invoicing module offers three different DIAN environments to connect with:

   • Certification environment: This environment is useful to pass the DIAN certification process and obtain the Enabled status to invoice from Odoo. To activate it, enable both the Test environment and the Activate the certification process checkboxes.

   • Testing environment: This environment allows reproducing electronic invoicing flows and validations in the DIAN testing portal. To activate it, enable only the Test Environment checkbox.

   • Production environment: Activate production databases to generate valid electronic documents. To activate it, disable both the Test environment and the Activate the certification process checkboxes.

注釈

複数会社データベースでは、各会社は独自の証明書を持つことができます。

参考

For electronic invoicing configurations using the Carvajal solution, review the following video: Configuración de Facturación Electrónica - Localización de Colombia.

Master data

連絡先

Configure the following fields on the contact form:

• Identification Number (VAT): Select the identification number type and enter the identification number. If the identification number type is NIT, the identification number must include the verification digit at the end, prefixed by a hyphen (-).

• Fiscal Information fields in the Sales & Purchase tab.

プロダクト

Access the product's form via Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Products and ensure that either the UNSPSC Category field (found in the Accounting tab) or the Internal Reference field (in the General Information tab) is configured.

税金

税を作成または修正するには、 会計 ‣ 設定 ‣ 税 に進み、関連する税を選択します。

If sales transactions include products with taxes, configure the Value Type field in the Advanced Options tab. Retention tax types (ICA, IVA, Fuente) are also included. This configuration is used to display taxes correctly on the invoice.

販売仕訳帳

Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the electronic invoice resolution, the sales journals related to the invoices must be updated in Odoo. To do so, navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Journals and select an existing sales journal or create a new one with the Create button.

On the sales journal form, enter the Journal Name and Type, then set a unique Short Code in the Journals Entries tab. Then, configure the following data in the Advanced Settings tab:

• Electronic invoicing: enable UBL 2.1 (Colombia).

• Invoicing Resolution: resolution number issued by DIAN to the company via their test set.

• Resolution Date: initial effective date of the resolution.

• Resolution End Date: end date of the resolution's validity.

• Range of Numbering (minimum): first authorized invoice number.

• Range of Numbering (maximum): last authorized invoice number.

• Technical Key: control key received from the DIAN portal test set or from their web service in case of the production environment.

When the database is configured for the production environment, instead of configuring these fields manually, click the Reload DIAN configuration button to obtain the DIAN resolution information from the DIAN web service.

重要

• The short code and resolution of the journal must match the ones received in the DIAN portal test set or from the MUISCA portal.

• The invoice sequence and prefix must be correctly configured when the first invoice is created. Odoo automatically assigns a prefix and sequence to the following invoices.

購買仕訳帳

Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the support document related to vendor bills, the purchase journals related to their supporting documents need to be updated in Odoo. The process is similar to the configuration of the sales journals.

参考

For more information on support document journals using the Carvajal solution, review the Documento Soporte - Localización de Colombia video.

勘定科目表

The chart of accounts is installed by default as part of the localization module. The accounts are mapped automatically in taxes, default account payable, and default account receivable. The chart of accounts for Colombia is based on the PUC (Plan Unico de Cuentas).

メインワークフロー

電子請求書

以下は、コロンビアローカライゼーションによる電子顧客請求書の主なワークフローの内訳です:

1. The user creates an invoice.

2. Odoo generates the legal XML file.

3. Odoo generates the CUFE (Invoice Electronic Code) with the electronic signature.

4. Odoo sends a notification to DIAN.

5. DIAN が顧客請求書を検証します。

6. DIAN が顧客請求書を承認または拒否します。

7. Odoo generates the PDF invoice with a QR code.

8. Odoo compresses the attached document (containing the sent XML file and the DIAN validation response) and the fiscal valid PDF into a .zip file.

9. The user sends the invoice (.zip file) via Odoo to the acquirer.

請求書作成

注釈

顧客請求書の検証の前に行われる機能的なワークフローは、電子請求書によって導入された主な変更点を変更するものでは ありません。

Electronic invoices are generated and sent to both the DIAN and the customer. These documents can be created from the sales order or manually generated. To create a new invoice, go to Accounting ‣ Costumers ‣ Invoices, and select Create. On the invoice form, configure the following fields:

• Customer: customer's information.

• Journal: journal used for electronic invoices.

• 電子請求書タイプ: ドキュメントのタイプを選択して下さい。デフォルトでは、 Factura de Venta が選択されています。

• 請求書明細: プロダクトを正しい税で指定して下さい。

重要

When creating the first invoice related to an electronic invoicing journal, it is required to manually change the sequence of the invoice to the DIAN format: Prefix + Sequence.

For example, format the sequence from SETP/2024/00001 to SETP1.

完了したら、 確認 をクリックして下さい。

Electronic invoice sending

After the invoice confirmation, click Print & Send. In the wizard that appears, make sure to enable the DIAN and Email checkboxes to send an XML to the DIAN web service and the validated invoice to the client fiscal email and click Print & Send. Then:

• The XML document is created.

• The CUFE is generated.

• The XML is processed synchronously by the DIAN.

• If accepted, the file is displayed in the chatter and the email to the client with the corresponding .zip file.

The DIAN tab then displays the following:

• Signed Date: timestamp recorded of the XML creation.

• Status: Status result obtained in the DIAN response. If the invoice was rejected, the error messages can be seen here.

• Testing Environment: To know if the document sent was delivered to the DIAN testing environment.

• Certification Process: To know if the document was sent as part of the certification process with the DIAN.

• Download: To download the sent XML file, even if the DIAN result was rejected.

• Fetch Attached Document: To download the generated attached document file included in the delivered .zip file to the client.

クレジットノート

クレジットノートの作成方法は顧客請求書と同じです。請求書を参照してクレジットノートを作成するには、 会計 ‣ 顧客 ‣ 顧客請求書 に進みます。顧客請求書上で クレジットノートを追加 をクリックし、以下の情報を入力します:

• クレジット方法: クレジット方法の種類を選択します。

  • 部分返金: 一部返金する場合に使用します。

  • 全額返:クレジットノートが全額である場合、このオプションを使用します。

  • 全額返金と新規ドラフト請求書: クレジットノートが自動検証され、顧客請求書と消込される場合、このオプションを使用します。元の顧客請求書が新規ドラフトとして複製されます。

• 理由: クレジットノーと用の理由を入力します。

• 逆仕訳日: クレジットノートの日付を指定するか、仕訳帳の日付にするかを選択します。

• 特定の仕訳帳を使用: 顧客請求書と同じ仕訳帳を使用する場合は空欄にして下さい。

• 返金日: 特定の日付を選択した場合は、返金の日付を選択します。

確認したら、 リバース ボタンをクリックします。

デビットノート

デビットノートの作成方法はクレジットノートと同様です。請求書を参照してデビットノートを作成するには、 会計 ‣ 顧客 ‣ 顧客請求書 に進みます。顧客請求書上で デビットノートを追加 ボタンをクリックし、以下の情報を入力します:

• 理由: デビットノートの理由を入力します。

• デビットノート日付: 特定のオプションを選択します。

• 明細をコピー: 顧客請求書と同じ明細のデビットノートを登録する必要がある場合は、このオプションを選択して下さい。

• 特定の仕訳帳を使用: 元の顧客請求書と同じ仕訳帳を使用する場合は空のままにしておきます。

完了したら、 click デビットノートを作成。

仕入先請求書用のサポートドキュメント

マスターデータ、認証情報、仕訳帳が仕入先請求書に関連するサポートドキュメント用に設定されていれば、サポートドキュメント の使用を開始できます。

仕入先請求書のサポートドキュメントは、オーダから、または手動で作成することができます。会計 ‣ 仕入先 ‣ 仕入先請求書 にアクセスし、以下のデータを入力して下さい:

• 仕入先: 仕入先の情報を入力します。

• 仕入先請求書日付: 仕入先請求書の日付を選択します。

• 仕訳帳: 仕入先請求書に関連するサポートドキュメントの仕訳帳を選択します。

• 請求済明細: 正確な税のプロダクトを指定します。

確認後、確認 ボタンをクリックします。確認後、XMLファイルが作成され、自動的にCarvajalに送信されます。

よくあるエラー

During the XML validation, the most common errors are related to missing master data. In such cases, a validation error message is displayed and sending is blocked.

If the invoice was sent and set as Rejected by the DIAN, the error messages are visible by clicking the (info circle) icon next to the Status field in the DIAN tab. Using the reported error codes, it is possible to review solutions to apply before re-sending.

After the master data or other issues are corrected, it is possible to reprocess the XML again. Do so by following the electronic invoice sending flow.

財務レポート

Certificado de Retención en ICA

このレポートは、コロンビアの商工税(ICA)の源泉徴収に関する仕入先への証明書です。このレポートは 会計 ‣ レポーティング ‣ コロンビア取引明細書 ‣ Certificado de Retención en ICA で見ることができます。

Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.

Certificado de Retención en IVA

このレポートは、仕入先からのVAT源泉徴収額に関する証明書を発行するものです。このレポートは 会計 ‣ レポーティング ‣ コロンビア取引明細 ‣ Certificado de Retención en IVA にあります。

Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.

Certificado de Retención en la Fuente

この証明書は、源泉徴収を行った取引先に対して発行されます。この報告書は 会計 ‣ レポーティング ‣ コロンビア取引明細書 ‣ Certificado de Retención en Fuente で見ることができます。

Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.